汇编语言笔记

一、传送指令

1 、通用数据传送指令

指令	英文全称
MOV	move
MOVSX	extended move with sign data
MOVZX	extended move with zero data
PUSH	push
POP	pop
PUSHA	push all
POPA	pop all
PUSHAD	push all data
POPAD	pop all data
BSWAP	byte swap
XCHG	exchange
CMPXCHG	compare and change
XADD	exchange and add
XLAT	translate

2 、输入输出端口传送指令

指令	英文全称
IN	input
OUT	output

3 、目的地址传送指令

指令	英文全称
LEA	load effective address
LDS	load DS
LES	load ES
LFS	load FS
LGS	load GS
LSS	load SS

4 、标志传送指令

指令	英文全称
LAHF	load AH from flag
SAHF	save AH to flag
PUSHF	push flag
POPF	pop flag
PUSHD	push dword flag
POPD	pop dword flag

二、 运算指令

1 、算术运算指令

指令	英文全称
ADD	add
ADC	add with carry
INC	increase 1
AAA	ascii add with adjust
DAA	decimal add with adjust
SUB	substract
SBB	substract with borrow
DEC	decrease 1
NEC	negative
CMP	compare
AAS	ascii adjust on substract
DAS	decimal adjust on substract
MUL	multiplication
IMUL	integer multiplication
AAM	ascii adjust on multiplication
DIV	divide
IDIV	integer divide
AAD	ascii adjust on divide
CBW	change byte to word
CWD	change word to double word
CWDE	change word to double word with sign to EAX
CDQ	change double word to quadrate word

2 、逻辑运算指令

指令	英文全称
AND	and
OR	or
XOR	xor
NOT	not
TEST	test
SHL	shift left
SAL	arithmatic shift left
SHR	shift right
SAR	arithmatic shift right
ROL	rotate left
ROR	rotate right
RCL	rotate left with carry
RCR	rotate right with carry

三、字符串操作指令

指令	英文全称
MOVS	move string
CMPS	compare string
SCAS	scan string
LODS	load string
STOS	store string
REP	repeat
REPE	repeat when equal
REPZ	repeat when zero flag
REPNE	repeat when not equal
REPNZ	repeat when zero flag
REPC	repeat when carry flag
REPNC	repeat when not carry flag

四、程序转移指令

1 、 无条件转移指令 ( 长转移 )

指令	英文全称
JMP	jump
CALL	call
RET	return
RETF	return far

2 、 条件转移指令 ( 短转移 ,128 到 +127 的距离内 )

指令	英文全称
JAE	jump when above or equal
JNB	jump when not below
JB	jump when below
JNAE	jump when not above or equal
JBE	jump when below or equal
JNA	jump when not above
JG	jump when greater
JNLE	jump when not less or equal
JGE	jump when greater or equal
JNL	jump when not less
JL	jump when less
JNGE	jump when not greater or equal
JLE	jump when less or equal
JNG	jump when not greater
JE	jump when equal
JZ	jump when has zero flag
JNE	jump when not equal
JNZ	jump when not has zero flag
JC	jump when has carry flag
JNC	jump when not has carry flag
JNO	jump when not has overflow flag
JNP	jump when not has parity flag
JPO	jump when parity flag is odd
JNS	jump when not has sign flag
JO	jump when has overflow flag
JP	jump when has parity flag
JPE	jump when parity flag is even
JS	jump when has sign flag

3 、 循环控制指令 ( 短转移 )

指令	英文全称
LOOP	loop
LOOPE	loop equal
LOOPZ	loop zero
LOOPNE	loop not equal
LOOPNZ	loop not zero
JCXZ	jump when CX is zero
JECXZ	jump when ECX is zero

五 、中断指令

指令	英文全称
INT	interrupt
INTO	overflow interrupt
IRET	interrupt return

六、 处理器控制指令

指令	英文全称
HLT	halt
WAIT	wait
ESC	escape
LOCK	lock
NOP	no operation
STC	set carry
CLC	clear carry
CMC	carry make change
STD	set direction
CLD	clear direction
STI	set interrupt
CLI	clear interrupt

七、 伪指令

指令	英文全称
DW	define word
PROC	procedure
ENDP	end of procedure
SEGMENT	segment
ASSUME	assume
ENDS	end segment
END	end